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Northumberland and Durham. |
REPORT by JOHN ROBY LEIFCHILD, Esq., on the Employment of Children and Young Persons in the Collieries, Lead Mines, and Iron Works of Northumberland and the North of Durham; and on the Condition, Treatment, and Education of such Children and Young Persons.
Approx. 280 A4 pages.
ISBN 1 899639 23 3
£15.00
THE ROYAL COMMISION REPORTS on CHILDREN in THE MINES, 1842
are available on CD-ROM as PDF, PC and Mac Word versions.
Numbers employed. 1
Difficulties in eliciting the Evidence. 2
Obstacles in eliciting the Evidence. 2
Character of pit-boys 2
Leading questions avoided. 2
Parents. 2
Suspicion in pit men. 3
Glance at their history and peculiarities. 3
Their combinations. 3
Conduct of the Unionists. 4
Strike in 1831-2. 4
Keelmen. 5
Peculiarities of pitmen. 5
Economy not prevalent. 5
Reasons. 5
Want of baths and drainage. 6
Annual removals. 6
Want of resident gentry. 6
Pits descended. 6
Evidence of Employers. 7
Witnesses interested in collieries, &c. 8
Objections to legislation. 8
Words of the witnesses retained. 8
Hours for drawing coals. 9
Night-work. 9
Double and treble shifts in pits. 9
Overtime in lead-mines and iron-works. 9
Putter. 9
Foals, &c. 10
Effects of the labour. 10
Drivers. 10
Door-keepers, or trappers. 10
Effects of the duty. 11
Trappers five years of age. 11
Excuse of Parents. 11
Explosions caused by trappers. 11
Preventives. 12
Expressions of the younger witness. 12
Physical effects of pit-work. 12
Stature of pit-boys. 12
Exclusion from sun-assumed light. 13
Complaints of the boys. 13
Mining dress. 13
Temperature of pits. 13
Old pitmen. 13
Legislative interference. 13
Limitation of age. 13
Relays. 14
Modifications. 14
Safety of life and limb. 14
State of the returns. 15
Summary from six collieries. 15
Completion of the Returns. 15
Number who can write. 16
Education at Lead-mines. 16
Education at Iron-works. 16
The test of signatures. 17
Education necessarily deficient. 17
Domestic training. 17
Plea of poverty. 17
Ignorance of the most educated. 18
Testimonies from clergymen. 18
New collieries. 18
Killingworth Wylam and Urpeth Schools. 19
Ordinary Day-schools 19
Charges. 19
Discipline. 19
Masters rarely trained. 19
Character of the master. 20
Disabled pitmen. 20
Schools ineffectual. 20
Absence of infant schools. 20
Dame-schools. 20
Night-schools. 20
Sunday-schools. 21
Higher schools unknown. 21
Religious instruction. Methodists. 21
The church. 21
Sabbaths misspent. 21
Appalling ignorance. 22
Concluding summary. 22
HABITATIONS OF PITMEN. 23
WAGES. 23
EXPENDITURE OF PITMEN 24
Earnings per Fortnight. 24
Outlay per Fortnight. 25
THE COLLIERY BOND. 25
Remarks upon the bond. 28
Mode of signing. 28
Persons unbound. 29
THE VENTILATION OF COAL MINES IN THE NEWCASTLE COAL-FIELD. 29
Gases. 29
General principles. 29
Early and imperfect plans. 30
Present system. 30
EXPLANATION OF FIG.2. 31
Various kinds of doors. 31
FIG 2 Ventilation of Coal Mines in the Coal Field of Durham and
Northumberland 32
Measurements of ventilation. 33
Safety Lamps. 33
THE MODE OF WORKING, CONVEYING, AND DRAWING THE COALS IN THE PITS OF DURHAM AND NORTHUMBERLAND. 34
Seams of coal. 34
Thinnest teams. 34
Modes of working the coal. 34
Payments for hewings. 34
Increase of workings. 35
Pillars &c. 35
Capital embarked. 35
Fig 3. Mode of Working, conveying and drawing the coal in th pits of
Northumberland and Durham. 36
Putters. 37
Mode of working the coal. 38
Journeys of putters. 38
Broken or pillar workings. 38
Goaf. 39
DESCENT AND ASCENT OF THE PITS. 39
Vocal signals. 39
Numbers 'Riding'. 39
Tubs. 40
Cages. 40
Ropes, Steam-Power, Accidents and Casualtities. 40
STEAM-POWER. 41
ACCIDENTS AND CASUALTIES IN COAL.PITS. 41
List of Accidents and Casualties terminating in Death from the End of
ast Century to the close of the year 1840, in the Collieries of the Tyne
and Wear District. 42
Smart-money. 45
Accidents and Injuries to Men and Boys employed underground in the
Collieries of Earsdon and East Holywell, during the Year ending
May 24th, 1841. 45
Frequency of casualties at collieries. 49
Slight sensation occasioned by them. 49
Instance of casualties. 50
Instances in four collieries. 50
Tables and instances. 50
Hetton Colliery. 51
SOUTH HETTON COLLIERY. 51
THE LATE EXPLOSION AT THORNLEY COLLIERY. 52
THE EXTENT OF THE COLLIERIES, AND OF THE NUMBER OF
PERSONS THEREIN EMPLOYED. 53
Numbers employed in the Tyne Collieries. 53
Numbers employed in the collieries. 53
Numbers employed in lead mines. 55
Analysis of the Workpeople employed at Walbottle Colliery on
May 4th, 1841 55
EVIDENCE AND OBSERVATIONS FROM JOHN ROBY LEIFCHILD, ESQ. 57
No.1. Extract of a Letter, dated March 22, 1841, from Matthias Dunn, Esq.,
Colliery Viewer (No.261). 57
WILLINGTON COLLIERY. 58
No.2. John Johnson, Esq. 58
No.3. George Johnson, Esq., viewer of Willington, Heaton, and
Burdon Main Collieries, on the Tyne. - Willington, April 16th, &c. 1841. 61
No.4 Thomas Dotchin. April 30th. 64
No.5 James Strong. 65
No.6 William Ranson. 65
No.7 Thomas Lashley. 65
No.8 John Twiggs. 65
No.9 Joseph Armstrong. 65
No.10 Two Trappers, 9 years old, and 11 years old. 65
No.11 Twenty-six drivers, ages, 10 to 15. 66
Edward Dodds 66
Joseph Cowell 66
John Nicholls 66
Edward Dodds 66
Thomas Ransom 66
William Cowell 66
John Nicholls 66
Robert Armstrong 66
No.12 Edward Holt. 66
No.13 George Chalton. 66
No.14 Elias Grozier. 67
No.15 Thomas Forster. 67
HEATON COLLIERY. May 1. 67
No.18 Thomas Todd. 68
No.16 Joseph Taylor. 67
No.17. Six Trappers, aged 9 and 10 years. 68
No.19 Henry Scattary. 68
No.20 Twenty-seven Drivers aged 10 to 15 years. 68
No.21 Thomas Scattary. 68
No.22 Saunders Blackburn. 68
No.23 Joseph Mackenzie. 68
No.24 Joseph Beaney. 69
No.25 George Laws (Nephew of the Under-viewer). 69
No.26 Michael Jobling. 69
No.27 Matthew Blackburn. 70
No.28 Robert Harrison. 70
No.29 Surtis Blackhurn. 70
No.30 John Beany. 70
No.31 Robert Crawford. 70
No.32 Thomas Batty. 71
No.33 Ralph Hall 71
No.34 George Beresford. 71
No.35 George Foster. 72
No.36 Joseph Peel. 72
No.37 Edward Wright. 72
No.38 Joshua Stephenson. 73
PERCY MAIN COLLIERY. 73
Evidence taken at different visits in the months of March, April, and
May, 1841. 73
No.39 March 10 Eighteen Rolley-drivers were classed and examined
collectively and individually. 73
No.40 Ten Trappers, similarly examined. 74
No.41 Thirty-four 'bank' Lads (i.e. lads working at the top of the shaft). 74
No.42 Fifteen Boys employed at bank. 74
No.43 Eleven Boys employed at bank. 74
No.44 William Hall. 74
No.45 George Simpson. 74
No.46 Alexander Carr. 74
No.47 George Hall. 75
No.48 John Corner. 75
Nos.49 and 50 George Hall and Peter Hall, brothers. 75
No.51 Henry Short. 75
No.52 William Painter. 76
No.53 Taylor Coats. 76
No.54 John Percy. 76
No.55 John Ramsay, aged 13 and No.56 William Hunter, aged 14.
Both work at bank. 76
No.57 April 28. Peter Dixon. 76
No.58 John Dixon. 77
No.59 James Dagleish. 77
No.60 John Wilkinson. 77
No.61 James Wood. 78
No.62 Mark Wood. 78
No.63 John Corner. 78
No.64 Robert Dixon. 78
No.65 John Shotton. 79
No.66 Richard Park. 79
No.67 Robert Park. 79
No.68 Robert Baker. 79
No.69 John Short. 79
No.70 James Allen. 79
No.71 Anthony Cooper. 80
No.72 George Cooper. 80
No.73 Ralph Phillips. April 29. 80
No.74 John Fiddis. 80
No.75 James Pendley. 81
No.76 William Pendley. 81
No.77 Robert Lowes. 81
No.78 John Isbister. 81
No.79 Joseph Rabeck. 81
No.80 James Laverick. 82
No.81 Ten Boys, aged 14 to 18 years. 82
No.82 John Beaney. 82
No.83 Wilson Beaney. 82
No.84 Robert Backworth. 82
No.85 Moses Dormand. 83
No.86 James Carr. 83
No.87 Michael Higham. May 20. 83
No.88 Thomas Smith. 84
No.89 Richard Keers. 84
No.90 George Anderson. 84
No.91 Luke Gray. 84
No.92 Peter Dixon. 85
No.93 James Anderson. 85
No.94 John Skipsey. 85
No.95 May 26th. Mr. Oliver, the Under-viewer. 85
No.95 Parents of a little boy at Flatworth Pit. May 23rd. 86
No.96 Mr. G. W Huntley, Surgeon, &c. to the Colliery, April, 1841 86
KILLINGWORTH COLLIERY. 87
No.97 Nicholas Wood Esq., Viewer of Killingworth, Hetton, and
other Collieries. 87
No.98 - John Middiemas, and six other Lads, all bound to 'put.' 90
No.99 Ralph Hardy. 90
No.100 - John Laveric, and several other Boys. 90
No.101 -Six Trappers, or Doorkeepers. 91
No.102 May 24th. Thomas Finley. 91
No.103 William Clough. 92
No.104 Joseph Doxford. 92
No.105 George Kendall. 92
No.106 Three Drivers, of the ages 13, 12, 14. 92
No.107 Four Trappers, of the following ages respectively, 11, 8, 9, 8. 93
No.108 William Simpson. 93
No.109 Robert Thwaites. 93
No.110 John Thompson. 93
No.111 William Duffell. 93
No. 112 Michael Finley. 93
No.113 Edward Davidson. 93
No.114 Robert Clark. 94
No.115 George Dodds. 94
No.116 Caleb Hardy. 94
No.117 James Walker 94
No.118 John Nixon. 94
No.119 Mr. Cousens, Schoolmaster, Killingworth. 94
GOSFORTH COLLIERY. 96
No.120 Mr. Liddell, Viewer of Gosforth and Coxlodge Collieries. 96
No.121 May 10th. Mr. John Menham, Under Viewer of Gosforth Colliery. 96
No.122 May 10th. Michael Watson, Schoolmaster at Gosforth. 98
No.124 May 10th. James Foster. 99
No.125 Henry Bolam. 99
No. 126 Thomas Forster. 99
No.127 May 25th. Peter Rutter. 99
No.128 William Alder. 99
No.129 Robert Walker. 100
No.130 James Punton. 100
No.131 William Wilson. 100
No.132 Michael Pott. 100
No.133 John Borrow. 100
No.134 William Hays. 100
No.135 George Alder. 101
No.136 Michael Fryer. 101
No.137 Robert Harle. 101
No.138 Mark Fryer. 101
COXLODGE COLLIERY. 102
No.139 May 10th. Mr. Stewart. 102
No.140 May 10th and 11th. Thomas Yeates. 102
No. 141 John Maffin. 102
No.142 Thomas Newton. 102
No. 143 Moses Clark. 103
No.144 Fifteen Boys. 103
No.146 Ralph Hutchison. 104
No. 147 Seven Drivers. 104
No.148 Edward Simpson. 104
No.149 Robert Bell. 104
No.150 William Short. 104
No.151 John Tulip. 104
No.152 William Cole. 105
No.153 Four Boys, Trappers. 105
No.154 Sixteen Drivers, respectively of the following ages, 10 to 14. 105
No.155 Seven Door-keepers, 9 to 13 years of age. 105
No.156 Michael Mikings. 105
No.157 Jonathan Brunshill. 105
HEBBURN COLLIERY. 106
No.158 April 15th. James Easton, Esq., Viewer of Hebburn,
Fawdon, and Wideopen Collieries. 106
No.159 Mr. Thomas Clarke, Under-viewer. 107
No.160 Thomas Rutherford. 107
No.161 John Feil. 107
No.162 April 15th. William Rain. 108
No.163 George Hall. 108
No.164 James Young. 108
No.165 Thomas Bell. 108
No.166 Seventeen Boys, respectively aged 10 to 17. 108
No.167 Andrew Brack. 109
No.168 Ten Boys, respectively aged 11 to 16. 109
No.169 John Charlton. 109
FAWDON COLLIERY. 109
No.170 May 11th. Matthew Hays. 109
No.171 Henry Harrison. 110
No.172 Samuel Smith. 110
No.173 John Brown. 110
No.174 Joseph Stobbs. 110
No.175 John Ritson. 111
No.176 William Ritson. 111
No.177 John Jobling. 111
No.178 John Stoker. 112
No.179 John Kinsler. 112
No.180 Taylor Morison. 112
No. 181 John Smith. 112
No.182 Ralph Turpin. 112
No.183 Ten Boys, Drivers, of the following ages, 11 to 15. 112
No.184 William Martin. 113
No.185 Joseph Turpin. 113
No.186 John Tennant. 113
No.187 Thomas Stobbs. 113
No.188 John Clarke. 113
No.189 George Jobing. 113
No.190 Thomas Robson. 113
No.191 George Short. 114
Nos.192 & 193 George Scott, aged 17, and Joseph Ritson. 114
No 194 Thomas Martin. 114
No.195 Joseph Birbeck. 114
No.196 Anderson Greener. 115
No.199 May 25th. Thomas Turner. 118
No.200 William Dobinson. 118
No.201 William Jakes. 118
No.202 Robert Gray. 119
No.203 Two Boys, of 13 and 14 years old. 119
SEGHILL COLLIERY. 119
No.204 Joseph Cadwell. 119
No.205 William Kirley. 119
No 206 Thomas Beiles. 120
No.207 John Young. 120
No.208 William Reay. 120
No.209 George Charlton. 120
No.210 James Reid. 120
No.211 William Morton. 121
No.212 John Alexander. 121
No.213 John Rutledge. 121
No.214 William Turner. 121
No.215 William Wood. 121
No216 Thomas Hedley. 121
No.217 In this Pit there are in use self-acting trap-doors, on which the
Viewer, Charles Carr, Esq. 121
Of the Library at this Colliery. 122
CRAMLINGTON COLLIERY. 122
No.218 March 17th. Mr. Ralph Laycourt, Aged 52, Under-viewer. 122
No. 219 Crosby Davidson, aged 20, a Putter. 122
No.220 Charles Johnson. 123
No.220a William Orswell. 123
No.220b William Dodds. 123
No.220c James Wrightson. 123
No.220d Thomas Cockburn. 123
HARTLEY COLLIERY. 123
No. 221 Ralph Maugham. 123
No.222 William Hindmarch. 123
No.223 James Adamson. 124
No.224 James Long. 124
No.225 George Jack. 124
No.226 Robert Smith. 124
No.227 George Jordan. 124
No.228 May 12th. Mr. Brown, Agent. 125
No.229 Cuthbert Todd. 125
No.230 Thomas Dodds. 125
No.231 John Jeffery. 126
No.232 Oswald Gleghorn. 126
No. 233 William Ellison. 126
No.234 John Dobson. 126
No.235 Robert Brown. 126
No.236 Thomas Raveley. 127
No.237 Eight drivers, of the ages, 15 to 12. 127
No.238 Thomas Gladson. 127
No.239 John Watson. 127
WALBOTTLE COLLIERY. 128
No.240 Air. William Hunter. 128
No.241 Thomas Carr. 129
No.242 James Carr. 130
No.243 John Scott. 130
No.244 James Glass. 130
No. 245 Thomas Sheil. 131
No. 246 Thomas Reid. 131
No.247 Thomas Somersides. 131
No.248 William Jefferson. 131
No.249 Matthew Simpson. 131
No.250 John Allsop. 131
No.251 John Liddell. 132
No.252 Matthew Ledger. 132
No.253 William Maffin. 132
BENWELL COLLIERY 132
No.254 Johnson, Sen., Under-viewer. 132
No. 255 Two Methodists. 132
No.256 Matthew English. 133
No.257 George Dent. 133
WYLAM COLLIERY. 133
No.259 Mr. Atkinson, Surgeon. 133
BLAYDON MAIN COLLIERY. 133
No.260 Ann Mills. 133
ST. LAWRENCE MAIN COLLIERY. 134
No.261 April 23. Matthias Dunn, Esq., Viewer of St. Lawrence Main
and Shield Field Collieries. 134
No.262 John Mackey, Under-viewer of this Colliery for 10 years past. 134
No.263 William Cooke. 135
No.264 James Blackey. 135
No. 265 Six boys, all putting, of the ages, 14 to 17. 135
No.266 May 16th. James Richardson, a wasteman 135
No.267 George Faction. 136
No. 268 Thomas Wigham. (As reported by several boys.) 136
No.269 His brother, - Wigham. (As reported by several boys.) 136
No.270 Michael Richardson. 136
No.271 George Dryden. 136
No.272 James Richardson. 137
WALLSEND COLLIERY. 138
No.273 Notes of several Conversations with A. and B., Colliery View
and Owners. 138
No.274 George Soulsby. 139
No.215 Joseph Rousaby. 139
No.276 William Giles. 139
No.277 Hugh Coamby. 139
No.278 Matthew Robson. 139
No.279 James Whitfield. 139
No.280 William Arnold. 140
No.281 Thomas Cockburn. 140
No.282 John Kennedy. 140
No.283 William Donelly. 140
No.284 John Johnson. 140
No.285 Edward Donelly. 140
No.286 George Donelly. 140
No.287 Three boys, a trapper, a driver, and a trapper,
aged respectively 10, 10, and 8 years. 140
No.288 J. Aitchison, Surgeon. 140
WALKER COLLIERY. 141
No.289 April 14. Mr. Hunter. 141
No.290 Joseph Hobert. 142
No.291. George Swindel. 142
No.292 George Atkinson. 142
No.293 William Barns. 142
No.294 Henry Oliver. 142
No.295 Henry Fletcher. 143
No.295. Thomas Fletcher. 143
No.297 William Atkinson. 143
No.298 Thomas Fletcher. 143
No.299 George Mitford. 143
No.300 William Holt. 143
TYNE MAIN COLLIERY. 144
No.301 May 19. Mr. Martin Greener. 144
No.302 Joseph Watkin. 145
No.303 Andrew Fairs. 146
No.304 Peter Gladstone. 146
No.305 William Powell. 147
No.306 Walter Windlow. 147
No.307 Martin Owen. 147
No.308 William Morrow. 147
No.309 Robert Banister. 148
No.310 Daniel Trewk. 148
No.311 William Hedley. 148
No.312 William Burdis. 148
No.313 William Hall. 148
No.314 John Redhead. 148
No.315 Robert Kendall. 149
No.316 Robert Windlow. 149
No.317 John Cardwell. 149
No.318 Michael Walton. 149
No.319 William Windlow. 149
No.320 Thomas Owens. 150
No.321 John Cranson. 150
No.322 Thomas Henderson. 150
No.323 John Cardwell. 150
FELLING COLLIERY. 150
No.324 April 22 Twenty-one boys respectively of ages 10 to 18 years. 150
No.325 Robert Hall. 150
No.236 Thomas Speary. 151
No.327 Matthew Gray. 151
No.328 William Hall. 151
No.329 John Mayhew. 151
No.330 James Jobs. 152
No.331 Matthew Chapman. 152
No.332. James Brayson. 152
No.333 John Cloughton. 152
No 334 Mr. Thomas Bailes, the underviewer. 152
JARROW COLLIERY. 153
No.335 March 9. Mr. Jobling. 153
No.336 George Ramshaw. 153
No.337 David Fairgrave. 153
No.338 James Macgintie. 153
No.339 Nicholas Hall. 153
No.340 Thomas Bell. 154
No.341 William Gray. 154
No.342 Matthew Walker. 154
No.343 Thomas Baird. 154
No.344. Charles Smith. 154
No.345 Six rolley drivers, respectively between 12 and 14. 154
No.346 David Fairgrave. 155
No.347 William Robson. 155
No.348 Anthony Pig. 155
No.349 W. Browne, Esq., medical attendant at the colliery. 155
SOUTH SHIELDS COLLIERY. 155
No.350 William Anderson, viewer of South Shields,
(or Manor Wallsend, or St. Hilda's) colliery. 156
No.351 Edward Gregory. 156
No.352 Robert Mackenzie. 157
No.353 William Johnson. 157
No.354 Joseph Hamilton. 158
No.355 William Clark. 158
No.356 William Dinnis. 158
No.357 James Forsyth. 158
No.358 Richard Cooper. 159
No.359 Roland Brush. 159
No.360 April 26. John Jones. 159
No.361 Richard Cooper. 159
No.362. Isaac Brown. 160
No.363 Roger Young. 160
No.364 Thomas Fawcett. 160
No.365 Robert Richardson. 161
MONKWEARMOUTH COLLIERY. 161
No.366 April 19. Mr. Elliot. 161
No.367 Mr. George Elliot. 161
No.368 Messrs. Richard Pemberton and Smith, Owners of this Colliery. 163
No.369 April 19. Alexander Ball. 163
No.370 William Doneld. 164
No.371 George Allen. 164
No.372 Richard Bell. 164
No.373 Thirty-nine boys. 164
No.374 Nichol Hudderson. 165
No.375 James Johnson. 165
No.376. William Mackenzie. 165
No.377 John Bell. 165
No.378 John Dickson. 166
No.379 George Nelson. 166
No.380 William Hutterson. 166
No.381 Robert Rotterbury. 166
No.382 Robert Patterson. 166
No.383 Thomas Pringle. 166
No.384 Colbert Solomon. 166
No.385 W J. Dodd, Esq. 166
No.386 April 6th. Henry Morton Esq., of Biddick, near Lambton. 167
PENSHER COLLIERY. 168
No.387 George Hunter, Esq. 169
NEWBOTTLE COLLIERY. 169
No.388 Mr. John Harrison. 169
No.389 A putter. 170
No. 390 A putter. 170
No.391 A half-marrow. 170
No.392 A half-marrow. 170
No.393 A half-marrow. 170
No.394 A half-marrow. 170
No.395 A half-marrow. 170
No.396 A half-marrow. 170
No.397 A rolley-driver. 170
No.398 A trapper. 170
HETTON COLLIERY. 171
No.399 Mr. Robson, resident viewer of Hetton Colliery. 171
No.400 Mr. W. Bailey. 172
No.401 Joseph Hunter, aged 20, Thomas Hepplewhite,
aged 18, Matthew Dowson, aged 15, all putters. 173
No.402 John Dowsy aged 14, Peter Lowry, aged 14,
Jasper Pattinson, aged 11, all rolley drivers. 173
No.403 April 7th, 8th, and 9th Robert Claffin. 173
No.404 The first of these boys, George Arington. 173
No.405 William Robinson. 174
No.406 Colbert Wilson. 174
No.407 Robert Halliday. 174
No.408 John Peterson. 174
No.409 Robert Bell. 174
No.410 John Lovet. 174
No.411 George Wade, aged 11 174
No.412 John Arrington, aged 12 175
No.413 James Arrington. 175
No.414 Ralph Spooner. 175
No.415 George Scholey. 175
No.416 Morgan Frater. 175
No.417 Robert Anderson. 175
No.418. Edward Anderson. 175
No.419 Joseph Stanley. 175
No.420 William Carr. 176
No.421 John Christer. 176
No.422 Cuthbert Carr. 176
No.423 Alexander Carr. 176
No.424 John Sharp. 176
No.425 Thomas Mason. 177
No.426 Thomas Somerson. 177
No.427 Ralph Steel. 177
No.428 Robert Arrington. 177
No.429 James Smeatim. 177
No.430 George Lowry. 178
No.431 Robinson Sanderson. 178
No.432 William Lee. 178
No.433 Henry Arrington. 178
No.434 Thomas Bell. 178
No.435 Peter Lowry. 179
No.436 George Taylor. 179
No.437 Mrs. Lowry. 179
No. 438 Benjamin Lowry. 179
No.439 Three Witnesses. 180
No.440 Thomas Smithson. 180
No.441 George Robinson. 180
No 442 Richard Holmes. 181
No.443 Joseph Holmes. 181
No 444 William Holmes. 181
No.445 Mr. R.P. Edger. 181
No.446 Mr. James Anderson, a Home Missionary 181
NORTH HETTON COLLIERY, THE HAZARD PIT. 182
No.447 April 9, David Brown. 182
No.448 George Hunter. 182
No.449 Thomas Turner. 182
No.450 Morgan Fraser. 183
No.451 William Home. 183
No.452 Henry Dobson. 183
No.453. Charles Young. 183
No.454 James Fraser. 183
No.455 William Tulip. 183
No.456 William Bates. 183
No.458 William Toplis. 184
No.459 Robert Gray. 184
No.460 James Newton. 184
No.461 John Toplis. 184
No.462 John Watson. 184
No.463 Paul Guy. 184
No.464 John Henderson. 184
No.465. 185
No.466. 185
SOUTH HETTON COLLIERY. 185
No.467 Mr. Anthony, April 9 and 10. 185
No.468 Joseph Elrington. 185
No.469 Joseph Romily. 186
No.470 A driver. 186
No.471 A driver. 186
No 472 A leader of timber. 186
No.473 A chalker-on. 186
No.474 A driver. 186
No.475 A driver. 186
No.476 Matthew Wild. 186
No.477 A loader of timber. 187
No.478 The preceding nine witnesses 187
No.479 A driver. 187
No.480 A putter. 187
No.481 A loader of timber. 187
No.482 A driver. 187
No.483 His brother. 188
No.484 A helper-up. 188
No.485 A putter. 188
No.486 A door-keeper. 188
No.487 A door-keeper. 188
No.488 A door-keeper. 188
No.489 Four witnesses. 188
No.490 Mr. Strutt, the Surgeon to the Colliery. 188
HASWELL COLLIERY. 188
No.491 April 10. Mr. John Weales, Under Viewer 189
No.492.Thomas Gray. 189
DURHAM GAOL. 189
No.493 March 27. Mr. Green, the Governor of Durham Gaol. 189
No.494 Four prisoners in Durham gaol 190
No.495 May 1. Edward Boyd, Esq., Viewer of Urpeth colliery. 190
No.496 May 1st and 4th. William Morrison, Esq. 191
No.497 April 23. Mr. Heath. of Newcastle Surgeon to Killngworth 194
No.498 Mr. Greenhow, Esq., Surgeon professionally engaged
at Walker Colliery. 195
No.499 Communication, dated June 9th, from Dr. Elliot,
Lecturer on Materia Medica, in the Newcastle School of Medicine. 197
No.499 May 2 Dr. Headlarm, an eminent physician and a
magistrate of Newcastle, lately Mayor of the town. 199
No.500 James Mather Esq. 200
No.501 R.S., a very respectable and cautious medical gentleman 201
No.505. 201
No.506. 203
No.507. 203
No. 508. The following outline was furnished me by Mr. Wilson
(of the firm Losh, Wilson, and Bell, of Walker Iron Works), who was
personally acquainted with the circumstances he describes.
An outline of the early years of a pit lad's life 50 years ago. 205
No.509. March 19. The Rev. Dr. Besley, Rector of Long Benton Parish. 206
No.510 April 6. William Maddison. 206
No.511 William Donelly. 207
No.512 William Arnold. 207
LEAD MINES. 208
A brief Account of the Mode of Working the Lead Mines of
T. W. BEAUMONT, Esq., at Allenheads, with an explanation of the
Operations in which the Boys washing Ore are engaged 208
Explanation of the above technical terms, viz., Grating, Trucking,
Tubbing, and Buddling Smiddem. 209
No.513. April 17, &c. 1841. John Dolphin, Esq., Hunter House. 209
Name of Firms working Mines
Description of Mine, or Work
Number of Persons employed
Moving Power employed to drive Machinery. 210
Answer to Queries
ALLENHEADS LEAD MINES 213
No.513 William Crawhall, Esq., Agent for Mr. Beaumont at these mines. 213
No.514. May 8. Thomas Ashman. 213
No.515 William Rodham. 213
No.516 Anthony Johnson. 213
No.517 John Stevenson. 214
No.518 Thomas Vickars. 215
No.519 William Haslop. 215
No.520 John Bowman. 215
No 521 John Dargue. 215
No.522 Matthew Charlton. 215
No.523 Cowing Milburn. 216
No.524 Robert Archer. 216
No.525 William C. Arnison, Esq., Surgeon, at Allendale Town. 216
A LIST of DEATHS of the Miners at Allenheads in each 10 Years,
commencing 1st January, 1813, and ending 11th April, 1841. 217
No.526 W.L. Pattinson, Esq., formerly a Lead Mining Agent, has
prepared the following account relative to the Lead Mines in Alstone Moor 217
IRON WORKS. 218
No.527. 218
No.528. 219
HAWKS, STANLEY, AND Co.'s IRON WORKS, GATESHEAD. 219
No.529 Alexander Eltringham. 219
No.530 Thomas Coats. 220
No.531 Peter Bamborough. 220
No.532 Mark Watson. 220
No.533 John Wilson. 220
No.534 James Moore. 220
No.535. John Dwyer. 220
No.536 April 22. John Atkinson. 221
No.537 Edward Brian. 221
No.538 Thomas Pearson, aged 12, John Murray, aged 14, John Dwyer,
aged 11, all pile and carry scrap iron. 222
No.539 April 25. Anthony Charlton. 222
No 540 James Moseley. 222
No.541 Henry Brennan. 222
No.542 William Clark. 223
No.543. Elias Potter. 223
No.544 Joseph Penman. 223
No.545 May 20. William Hutchinson. 223
No.546 John Stobbart. 224
ABBOT'S (GENERAL) IRON WORKS, GATESHEAD. 225
No.547 John Lindsay, aged 17, and William Burdis, aged 17. 225
No.548 Joseph Blackhurn. 225
No.549 Michael Brown. 225
No.550 Alexander Baxter. 225
No.551 Thomas Stearman. 225
No.552 John Clarke. 226
No.553 Joseph Renwick. 226
No.554 James Robinson. 226
No.555 Matthew Brown. 226
No.556 Robert Mather. 226
No.557 James Telford. 226
No.558 Samuel Gillinder. 226
No.559 William Thynn. 226
No.560 April 22. Henry Faibairn. 227
No.561 Thomas Coultant. 227
No.562 William Anderson. 227
No.563 Robert Newton. 228
No.564 James Johnson. 228
WALKER IRON WORKS. 228
No.565 March 3. Mr. Bell, jun., and other agents in these works 228
No.566 John Galley. 229
No.567. Adam Pannan. 229
No.568 William Easton. 229
No.569 John Liddell. 229
No.570 Peter Dixon. 229
No.571 Roger Robson. 229
No.572. John Maugham, John Todd, Thomas Jobling and George Moor. 229
No.573 Robert Hobson, George Todd, Robert Stirling and William Smith. 230
No.574 Thomas Knox, Thomas Brown and John Robinson. 230
No.575 4th April. Joseph Elliot. 230
No.576. Thomas Robson. 230
No.577 William Marrow. 232
No.578 William Fullwood. 232
No.579 William Lewis. 232
BIRTLEY IRON WORKS. 233
No.580 April 23rd. Thomas Laidman. 233
No.581 Ralph Hunter. 234
No.582 William Roxby. 235
No 583 Thomas Pratt. 235
No.584 Richard Thornton. 235
No.585 John Sugden. 236
BISHOP-WEARMOUTH IRON WORKS. 237
No.586 John Nicholson. March 23. 237
No.587 Redman Lockey. 237
No.588 John Grahams. 237
No.589 Abraham Thompson. 237
No.590 George Hardy. 237
BEDLINGTON IRON WORKS. 238
No.591 May 12th. Michael Longrdge, Esq. 238
No.592 James Davison. 238
No.593 John Watson. 238
No.594 Thomas Winter. 239
No.595 Jeremiah Davidson. 239
No.596 Nicholas Prior. 240
No.597 William Weight. 240
No.598 Alexander Watson. 240
No.599 Matthew Davison. 240
TYNE IRON WORKS. 241
No.600 Mr. Downing, manager of these works. 241
No.601 Thomas Seaham. 241
No.602 At Messrs. Thompson's Iron Works, at Wylam, for building
locomotive and stationary engines. 242
SPENCER'S STEEL AND FILE-MAKING WORKS, NEWBURN. 242
No.603 John Hunter. 242
LAYCOCK'S, &c. HARDWARE WORKS AT WINLATON. 242
No.604 Mr Laycock, owner of several of these blacksmith's shops. 242
No.605 William Lamb. 243
No.606 Henry Short. 243
No.607 George Hutchinson. 243
No.608 Four boys, respectively of 14, 10, 11, 18 years old. 243
CROWLEY AND Co's IRON WORKS, SWALLWELL. 243
No.609 Alexander Gray. 243
No.610 James Forster. 244
No.611 Thomas Gray. 244
CAMPION'S IRON FOUNDRY, HEXHAM. 244
No.612 May 17. William Smith. 244
No.613 William Bewick. 244
No.614 Joseph Coulson. 245
No.615 William Hamilton. 245
POW AND FAWCUS'S CHAIN AND ANCHOR WORKS,
NORTH SHIELDS. 245
No.6l6 May 7th. Mr. Pow. 245
No.617 William Johnson. 245
No.6l8 George Kettle. 246
No.619 Elisha Archer. 246
No.620 John Hall. 246
No.621 Four boys. 247
No.622 The foreman, John Davidson. 247
CROWTHER'S IRON WORKS, NEWCASTLE. 247
No.623 May 27. Christopher Grant. 247
No.624 Christopher Dagget. 248
No.625 Samuel Pescod. 248
No.626 William Pescod. 248
No.627 John Paterson. 248
No.628 Elijah Ryles. 249
WATSON'S BRASS, &c., WORKS, NEWCASTLE. 249
No.629 James Murray. May 27. 249
No.630 John Lee. 249
No.631 Thomas George Barron. 250
No.632 John Heron. 250
NOTES AND EVIDENCE ON THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN. 250
EVIDENCE on SCHOOLS in parts of NORTHUMBERLAND and DURHAM,
and on the State of EDUCATION and MORALS amongst the Young Persons and Children employed in COLLIERIES, &c. 250
No.633 All the clergymen with whom I had an opportunity of communicating. 251
No.634 Mr. Daniel Liddell, teacher, of Newcastle 251
THE KILLINGWORTH COLLIERY SCHOOLS. 253
No.635 Extracts from the Rules. 253
May, 1841. The Master's Report (with the concurrence of the President,
Nicholas Wood, Esq.) on the Killingworth Colliery Schools, opened
25th August, 1840. 253
No.636 Mrs. Ann Smith Goodger, the mistress of the infant-school. 254
No.637. 254
David Phillips. 255
No.638 Notes of the Schools at Bigge's Main, or Heaton Colliery, at the commencement of May, 1841. 255
No.639 Mr. John Hedley, the agent at Holywell Colliery 255
No.640 The Manor School, near Backworth Colliery, visited March 26 &c. 257
No.64l Mr. William Hunter, an agent at Backworth Colliery 257
No.642 At Seghill Colliery Village 257
No.643 Mr. John Reay, Agent at Wallsend Colliery. 258
No.644 April Thomas Cowen, Schoolmaster at Willington Colliery. 258
No.645 Percy Main Colliery
No.646 At Urpeth Colliery 258
No.647 Newbottle, Lambton and Littletown Collieries. 259
No.648 Pensher Colliery. March 93 Robert Jacks, Master of the
principle school. 259
NIGHT SCHOOL. 260
No.649 The Rev. John Nichol, Curate of Hetton-le-Hole, whose residence is environed by large collieries. 260
No.650 April 9, 10, &c. J.W. Day, Esq., Chairman of the
Houghton-le-Spring Poor Law Union 261
No.651 At Hetton collieries. 263
No.652 At South Hetton. 263
IRON-WORKS. 263
No.653 Hawks and Co.'s Iron-Works. 263
No.554 March 31. Walker Iron-Works. 264
No.655 Schools at Bedlington Iron-Works. Michael Longridge, Esq.,
managing partner of these works. 264
No.656 Education in Newcastle and Gateshead. 265
No.657 Mechanics' Institution at Newcastle. 266
No.658. 267
BENEFIT SOCIETIES. 267
No.659. 267
No.660. 268
No.661. 268
No.662 Lead Mines. 268
No.663 Iron Works. Bedington Iron Works. 269
No.664 Hawks' Iron Works. 269
No.665 Walker Iron Works. 269
No.666 Building Societies. 270
No.668 To William Morison, Esq 271
